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. PATENTED NOV. 3, 190.3. C. M; ELLINGER & L. KOPGZYNSKI.

BUILDING STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 16, 1903.

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BUILDING STRUCTURE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 16 1903.

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UNITED STATES Patented November 3, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

CLARENCE M. ELLINGER AND LEON KOPOZYNSKI, OF BOSTON, MASSACHU- SETTS; SAID KOPCZYNSKI ASSIGNOR TO SAID ELLINGER.

BUILDING STRUCTURE.

SPECIFICATION fOITming part of Letters Patent No. 743,262, dated November 3, 1903.

Application filed May 16,1903. Serial No. 157,430. (No model.)

GER and LEON KOPOZYNSKI, citizens of the 'United States, residing at Boston, in the,

county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Structures, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in fireproof building structures of the kind shown in our pending application, Serial No. 137,843; and it consists in improved means for connecting and tying the metal framework of the structure and in an improved arrangement of the floor and column rods.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side view of the framework in a portion of a beam and column, the inclosing body of cement being indicated in outline. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the floor-rods adjacent to and over the beam. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the column. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5is a section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Figs. 6,7, and 8 are sections on the lines 6 6, 7 7, and 8 8, respectively. Fig. 9 is a detail showing one of the loops or ties which connect adjacent column-rods, and Fig. 10 is a perspective View of a modified form of tie.

Referring to the drawings, A, B, and O in dieate parts of a column, a beam, and a floor, respectively, these elementsof the structure being formed integrally. The column consists of a series of vertically-arranged metal rods,between and around which the cemented material is molded. In the drawings twelve vertically-arranged rods (indicated by the numerals 1 to 12, inclusive) are shown, these rods being arranged in the form of a hollow square/ A greater or less number of rods will be used,according to. the load which the column isrequired to carry. The columnrods are braced at suitable intervals by groups of ties D. (Shown-in Figs. 1 and 3.) The pairs of rods 2- 9, 3 8, 12 5, and 11 6, standing opposite to one another in the hollow square, are tied together by strips of metal a, bent into the form of loops and extending around the rods. The end portions of each loop overlap one another, and the extremities a of the strip are bent out of line with the adjacent portions of the strip in order to anchor the ends in the cement. The adjacent rods in the series are also tied together by similar shorter loops b, having outwardly-turned extremities 17'. Thus the adjacent pairs of rods 1 2, 2 3, 3 4, 4 5, &c., are tied by separate loops b. A chain of ties thus connects theentire series of rods. These I groups of ties brace the column-rods laterhooked around the column-rods 10, 11, 12,

and 1, respectively, at the left side of the column, while the tension-rods c in the span at the left of the column are hooked around the rods 4 to 7, inclusive, at the right of the column. The tension upon the beam-rods therefore tends to force the column-rods toward one another. As the cement withstands great pressure, the column-rods are held immovable by the body of cement between them.

Above the straight tension-rods c care arranged in substantially the same vertical planesa corresponding number of rods 01 d, which rest upon the rods 0 c in the central parts ofthe spans and adjacent to the columns or supports rise gradually into the upper portion of the beam. The ends 14 of these rods, as shown,- are bent and hooked around the rods in the column in the same a short distance at each side of the column to strengthen the beam against shearing stresses adjacent to the column.

The rods in the lower part of the beam are tied to the upper portions of the beam by means of tiesf, each consisting of a metal strip folded or doubled back and forth upon itself anumber of times, the number of folds varying according to the number of rods. These ties are arranged at suitable intervals throughout the beam. The end portions 16 of the ties terminate in the upper part of the beam, and the alternate bends 17 in the ties extend beneath the rods 0, the intermediate portions or double folds of the ties between alternate bends extending into the upper part of the beam. The ends of the rods 6 in the upper portion of the beam are connected to the lower part of the beam by ties f, Fig. 7, which are the same as the tiesf, Fig. 6, except that they are inverted with respect thereto. These ties prevent the rods from yielding or springing and also are found very effective in preventing any tendency of the beam to split longitudinally. The ends of the ties are preferably bent out of line with the adjacent portions of the tie, as shown, in order to anchor said ends in the cement.

In Fig. 10 we have shown a modified form of tie, consisting of two parallel steel wires or rods18, which are laced together throughout their length by a lacing-wire 19 and folded to form a tie of the desired shape. In this form of tie the cement fills the interstices between the wires, and the tie is thus anchored at every point.

A connecting-rod g extends throughout the structure above and longitudinally of the beam and in the upper part of the floor. This rod in addition to affording some strength to the beam serves as a means for supporting of the beam. A rod 9, it will be understood,

is arranged above each beam in a building, and the floor-rods h h are equal in length to the distance between adjacent rods 9 and are provided with bent ends 20, Fig. 7, which are hooked around the rods g. These rods, it will be noted from an inspection of Figs. 6 and 7, rise gradually as they approach the beam in the same'manner as the tension-rods d d in the beam. Between each series of rods 71. h is arranged a rod 2', which extends horizontally through the lower part of the floor beneath the rodsg. 7 These rods tin the floor have the same function as the rods 0 in the beam.

The strips of metal which form the ties may be of any suitable form in cross'section and may conveniently be made from round claims to include bars or hands of any dosirable cross-section.

Having described our invention, what we.

claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-- 1. In a building structure, a beam and column composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising column-rods arranged vertically in the column and extendinginto the beam, and tension-rods arranged longitudinally in the beam and having bent ends which are hooked around the column-rods.

2. In a building structure, a beam and column composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising column-rods arranged vertically in the column and extending intothe beam, and a pair of straight tension-rods arranged longitudinally in the lower part of the beam at opposite sides of the column and having bent ends which are hooked around the column-rods.

3. In a building structure, a beam and column composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising column-rods arranged vertically in the column and extending into the beam, and a pair of rods extending through the lower part of the beam at opposite sides of the column, thence rising gradually adjacent to the column into the upper part of the beam and having bent ends which are hooked around the columnrods.

4;. In a building structure, a beam and column composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising column-rods arranged vertically in the column and extendinginto thebeam,apair ofstraight tension-rods arranged longitudinally in the lower part of the beam at opposite sides of the column, and a pair of rods arranged above said tension-rods and extending through the lower part of the beam at opposite sides of the column, thence rising gradually adjacent to the column into the upper part of the beam, said rods in the beam having bent ends which are hooked around the columnrods;

5. Ina building struc ture,a beam composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising a plurality of rods arranged longitudinally in the lower part of the beam, a plurality of rods arranged in the upper part of the beam in the same vertical planes as the lower rods, and ties consisting of strips of metal folded back and forth upon themselves a plurality of times, said ties being arranged transversely in the beam and having their lower bends extending beneath the lower rods and an intermediate series of double folds extending upwardly into the beam between said bends.

6. Inabuildingstructure,abeam composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass,

' said'franiework comprisinga plurality of rods arranged longitudinally in the lower part of the beam, a plurality of rods arranged in the upper part of the beam in the same vertical planes as the lower rods, and ties consisting of strips of metal folded back and forth upon themselves a plurality of times, said ties being arranged transversely in the beam and having their upper bends extending over the upper rods and an intermediate series of double folds extending downwardly into the beam between said bends.

7. Inabuildingstructure,abeamcomposed of a mass of cemented material anda framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising a plurality of rods arranged longitudinally in thelower part of the beam, a plurality of rods arranged in the upper part of the beam in the same vertical planes as the lower rods, and ties consisting of strips of metal folded back and forth upon themselves a plurality of times, said ties being arranged transversely in the beam, and certain of said ties having their alternate bends extending beneath the lower rods and other ties having their alternate bends extending over the upper rods, each tie having several double folds arranged vertically in the beam.

8. In a building structure, such as a beam, consisting of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods longitudinally arranged therein, a tie or band consisting of a pair of parallel wires or rods connected together by wire lacing, said strip or band being folded back and forth upon itself a plurality of times and arranged transversely of the structure.

9. In a building structure, a beam and floor composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising a metal connecting rod extending longitudinally through the beam, in line with the floor, and floor-rods extending through the floor at op.- posite sides of the beam, said floor-rods having their adjacent ends secured to said connecting-rod.

10. In abuilding structure, a beam and floor composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising a metaLconnecting-rod extending longitudinally through the beam, in line with the through the beam, in line with the floor, floorrods extending through the floor below said, connecting-rod, and other floor-rods extending through the floor at opposite sides of the beam, said latter rods terminating above the beam and having their ends secured to said connecting-rod.

12. In a building structure, a beam and floor composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising a connecting rod extending longitudinally through the beam, in line with the floor, floorrods extending through the floor below said connecting-rod, and other floor-rods extending through the floor at opposite sides of the beam, said latter rods terminating above the beam and having bent ends which are hooked around said connecting-rod.

' 13. In a building structure, a beam and column composed of a mass of cemented material and aframework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising rods arranged vertically in the beam in line with the column, and tension-rods extending longitudinally in the beam at opposite sides of the column, said tension-rods having overlapping ends connected to said vertically-arranged rods at opposite sides of the column.

1 14. In abuilding structure, a beam and column composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework ofmetal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising column-rods arranged vertically in the column and extending into the beam, and tensionrods extending longitudinally in the beam at opposite sides of the column, the ends of said tension-rods being secured to the columnrods.

15. In a building structure, a beam and column composed of a mass of cemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising column-rods arranged vertically in the column and extending into the beam, and tensionrods extending longitudinallyin the beam at opposite sides of the column, said tensionrods having overlapping ends connected to the column-rods at opposite sides of the column.

16. In a building structure, a beam and column composed of a mass of cemented material and aframework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprising column-rods arranged vertically in the column and extending into the beam, and tensionrods extending longitudinally in the beam at opposite sides of the. column, said tension-. rods having overlapping bent ends which are hooked around the column-rods at opposite sides of the column.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

CLARENCE M. ELLINGER. LEON KOPOZYNSKI.

Witnesses:

J. R. HOLMAN, H. I. J OHNSON. 

